Fuel cell technology is the energy obtained by the conversion of hydrogen.
Basic comparison between Fuel cells and Batteries:
BATTERIES
- Electrochemical Storage device
- Rechargeable
- Pollution
- Efficiency: 20 - 25 %
FUEL CELLS
- Electrochemical conversion device
- Not rechargeable
- No pollution (except for Hydrogen to gain from fuel)
- Efficiency up to 32 %
Basic comparison between Fuel cells and IC Engines:
IC ENGINES
- Output is Mechanical
- Pollution
- Combustion
FUEL CELLS
- Output is Electrical
- No pollution (except for Hydrogen to gain from fuel)
- No combustion
![]() |
| Courtesy: electrive.com |
- Alkaline Fuel Cells
- Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
- Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
- Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Polymer Electrolyte Membrane / Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
CATEGORIZATION
- LOW TEMPERATURE & HIGH TEMPERATURE
- SOLID & LIQUID ELECTROLYTES
BASED ON TEMPERATURE
LOW TEMPERATURE:
- Alkaline Fuel Cells
- Phosphoric Acid Cells
- Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
HIGH TEMPERATURE:
- Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
BASED ON ELECTROLYTES
SOLID ELECTROLYTE:
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
- Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells
- Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
LIQUID ELECTROLYTE:
- Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells
- Alkaline Fuel Cells
Efficiencies for the Implementation in Vehicles
Fuel Cells -- 24 to 32 %
Battery -- 26 %
IC Engine -- 20 %
